Lighting device operating at different power levels

ABSTRACT

The current subject matter relates to a lighting device that can be installed in an already existing fixture in a structure. The lighting device can include a light emitting diode (LED) lighting segment and a fluorescent lighting segment. The LED lighting segment can include a LED lighting source, and the fluorescent lighting segment can include a fluorescent lighting source. The LED lighting source can be activated. Motion sensors and/or occupancy sensors can detect motion and/or occupancy of an occupant in the structure. If there is motion or if the occupancy is more than a predetermined threshold, the fluorescent lighting source can be activated. After each regular interval of time, the detection of motion or occupancy can be re-performed. If there is no detection of motion and/or occupancy, the fluorescent lighting source can be deactivated, after a period of time. Related apparatus, systems, techniques and articles are also described.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent ApplicationSer. No. 61/457,952, filed on Jul. 18, 2011, U.S. Provisional PatentApplication Ser. No. 61/629,142, filed on Nov. 14, 2011, and U.S.Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/629,791, filed on Nov. 28,2011. This application is related to co-pending application for U.S.Patent Application Ser. No. (not yet assigned) entitled “Retrofit LampConfigurations,” by Richard d. Ashoff, filed on Jul. 16, 2012. Thecontents of these above-mentioned applications are all incorporatedherein by reference in their entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The subject matter described herein relates to lighting devices.

BACKGROUND

Some legal codes by legal institutions, such as in the United States,necessitate that some structures, such as parking lots and staircases,are required to have lights on twenty-four hours a day, three hundredand sixty-five days a year. This is typically provided usingconventional lighting devices, such as electric bulbs and fluorescentlights. Keeping these lighting devices permanently in an on state uses asignificant amount of energy. According to Energy InformationAdministration, which is a branch of the United States Department ofEnergy, lighting uses, on average, accounts for 25% of all the energyproduced and used annually in the United States of America. Therefore,it can be advantageous to provide lighting devices that optimallyutilize energy as the need arises, while still complying with the legallighting requirements needed to provide proper illumination.

SUMMARY

In one aspect, a method is disclosed, the method comprising installing alighting device in a container, with the lighting device comprising atleast a first segment and a second segment, the first segment comprisinga first lighting source, the second segment comprising a second lightingsource. The second lighting source is activated, motion is detectedusing a detector and the first lighting source is activated based on thedetecting of the motion.

In another aspect, a system is disclosed, wherein the system comprises afirst segment comprising a first lighting source that activates with ahigh power and provides light with a high brightness. A second segmentcomprises a second lighting source that activates with a low power andprovides light with a low brightness, a motion sensor that determinesmotion of an occupant, and a microprocessor that determines, based onthe detection of motion, at least one of the first lighting source andthe second lighting source that is to be activated.

In another aspect, a system is disclosed, wherein the system comprisesat least one master lighting device, the master lighting devicecomprising at least a first segment, a second segment, a motion sensor;and a first microprocessor. The first segment comprises a first lightingsource, the second segment comprises a second lighting source, with oneof the first lighting source and the second lighting source beingactivated based on detection by the motion sensor. In addition, at leastone slave lighting device is included, wherein the slave lighting devicecomprising a third lighting source and a second microprocessor thatcommunicates with the first microprocessor to determine if the thirdlighting source is to be activated based on a command received by thesecond microprocessor from the first microprocessor.

In another aspect, a system is disclosed, wherein the system comprises afirst segment comprising a first lighting source that activates with ahigh power and provides light with a high brightness and a secondsegment. The second segment comprises a second lighting source thatactivates with a low power and provides light with a low brightness; anoccupancy sensor that determines occupancy; a microprocessor thatdetermines, based on the detection of occupancy, at least one of thefirst lighting source and the second lighting source that is to beactivated.

The subject matter described herein provides many advantages, some ofwhich are noted below. For example, the lighting devices can optimizeusage of energy while providing full safety in structures, such asparking structures, stairwells, buildings, shelters, and the like.Further, the lighting devices can be fit into previously existingfixtures, and can use previously implemented ballasts, therebyadvantageously providing adaptability with existing fixtures. While inmost implementations, the lighting device can be a single packagedstructure that cannot be separated (that is, separated apart) intoseparate structures; in some implementations, the lighting device can beseparated apart into separate structures.

Articles of manufacture are also described that comprise computerexecutable instructions permanently stored on computer readable media,which, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to performoperations herein. Similarly, computer systems are also described thatmay include a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. Thememory may temporarily or permanently store one or more programs thatcause the processor to perform one or more of the operations describedherein.

The details of one or more variations of the subject matter describedherein are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the descriptionbelow. Other features and advantages of the subject matter describedherein will be apparent from the description, the drawings, and theclaims.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates an implementation of the lighting device;

FIG. 2 illustrates an implementation of the lighting device;

FIG. 3 illustrates ends of a container/fixture within which the lightingdevice can be incorporated or fitted;

FIG. 4 illustrates one configuration of an electrical system of thelighting device;

FIG. 5 illustrates a subsequent configuration of the electrical systemof the lighting device;

FIG. 6 illustrates a subsequent configuration of the electrical systemof the lighting device;

FIG. 7 illustrates a subsequent configuration of the electrical systemof the lighting device;

FIG. 8 illustrates a subsequent configuration of the electrical systemof the lighting device;

FIG. 9 is a process-flow diagram illustrating aspects of a methodconsistent with some implementations;

FIG. 10 illustrates electrical wiring of a portion of the lightingdevice;

FIG. 11 illustrates another variation of the electrical system of thelighting device;

FIG. 12 illustrates relays;

FIG. 13 illustrates a top view of an example networking arrangement ofthe lighting devices in a conference room;

FIG. 14 illustrates a top view of another variation of an examplenetworking arrangement of the lighting devices in a conference room;

FIG. 15 illustrates an example floor plan of a medical office, which canbe an example of a structure;

FIG. 16 illustrates an example floor plan of a medical office;

FIG. 17 illustrates an example floor plan of a covered parkingstructure, which can be an example of a structure;

FIG. 18 illustrates standards, wireless technologies, and wiredtechnologies;

FIG. 19 illustrates a variation of example networking with respect tothe floor plan of the covered parking structure; and

FIG. 20 illustrates an example wireless networking arrangement that caninclude communication between lighting devices and other communicationdevices.

Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

To optimize the utilization of energy while complying with legalrequirements, a lighting device is presented. This lighting device canhave a first lighting segment, such as light emitting diode (LED)segment, and a second lighting segment, such as a fluorescent lightingsegment. The LED segment can include a LED lighting source, and thefluorescent lighting segment can include a fluorescent lighting source.The LED lighting source can operate at a first power level, and thefluorescence lighting source can operate at a second power level. Thefirst power level can be a low power level, and the second power levelcan be a high power level. The switching from the LED lighting source tothe fluorescence lighting source can be based on an occurrence of anevent, such as a new presence of an entity such as a person or avehicle.

FIG. 1 illustrates the lighting device 100 in accordance with someimplementations of the current subject matter. The lighting device 100can include a segment 103 and a fluorescence lighting segment 104. Thesegment 103 can include a LED lighting source 102, which can be made ofone or more LEDs, and a detector or sensor 110. The detector 110 candetect motion of an occupant or entity, such as a person or persons,vehicle (that can be manually driven or automated), mobilestorage-units, trash cans, and/or any other entity, increase in ambienttemperate, or any other predetermine event. The detector 110 can be inthe segment 103, the fluorescent lighting segment 104, or in neither.The fluorescent lighting segment 104 can include a fluorescent lightingsource 112 (for example, a fluorescent tube) that can be enclosed by atube or sleeve 130. Tube 130 can cover both the segment 103 and thefluorescence lighting segment 104 or just one of the segments. Thefluorescent lighting source 112 can be a gas-discharge lighting sourcethat can receive and use electricity so as to excite mercury vapor. Theatoms of the excited mercury vapor can produce a short-wave ultravioletlighting that can then cause a phosphor to fluoresce so as to producevisible light. The tube 130 can be made of glass, acrylic sheets,plastic, and/or the like. Some implementations of the tube 130 can beresistant or proof to shock, water, fire, impact, temperature, and/orthe like. The lighting device 100 can further include end terminals 120a, 120 b, 121 a, and 121 b. The end terminals 120 a, 120 b, 121 a, and121 b can be male terminals that can combine with female terminals of alighting container/fixture. Further, the lighting device 100 can includeelectrical wires.

In one implementation, the lighting device 100 can detect that themotion has stopped, using the detector 110. When the detector has ceasedto detect motion, after a period of time, the fluorescent lightingsource 112 can be deactivated and the LED lighting source 102 can bereactiviated. The period of time can be fixed (such as 15 seconds, 30seconds, 1 minute, 5 minute, 10 minute, between 15 seconds and 10minutes, between 15 seconds and 20 minutes, between 30 seconds and 10minutes, between 30 seconds and 5 minutes, or the like) or the timeperiod can be varied by a user. The time period can also be based on thelength motion is detected by detector 110, such that the longer detector110 detects motion, the longer the period of time.

In one example, the LED lighting source 102 can include three LEDs. EachLED of the three LEDs can be activated by a power of 1 watt. The threeLEDs in the LED lighting source 103 can produce 180 lumens of luminousflux, which can be a measure of perceived power of visible light emittedby a lighting source. The fluorescent lighting source 112 in thefluorescent lighting segment 104 can be a linear fluorescent lightingdevice that can use 32 watts of power, and can produce 3200 lumens ofluminous flux. Therefore, P_(LED-light-source)<P_(Fluoresce-light) andLF_(LED-light-source)<LF_(Fluorescent-light), wherein P is power and LFis luminous flux.

Although the comparative relationships between power and luminous fluxeshave been described above, in some other implementations, othercomparative relationships can be possible, such as one of the following:

P_(LED-light-source)=P_(Fluorescent-light) andLF_(LED-light-source)<LF_(Fluorescent-light); and

P_(LED-light-source)=P_(Fluorescent-light) andLF_(LED-light-source)=LF_(Fluorescent-light).

The fluorescent lighting source 112 in the fluorescent lighting segment104 can be either a magnetic type tube or an electronic high frequencytube. The magnetic type tube can include current limiting inductors, andcan be classified into a glow starter type and a rapid star typedepending on ignition methods that can be used. The electronic highfrequency tubes can convert alternating current (AC) power to directcurrent (DC) power, and can apply high frequency power to fluorescenttubes through high frequency resonance circuits. The electronic highfrequency tubes can be classified into a current mode type tube and avoltage mode type tube.

To operate the fluorescent lighting source 112, the fluorescent lightingsource 112 can be first ignited by an igniter and then can be maintainedby a ballast. The ignition circuit can be formed of a high voltagegeneration circuit for generating electric discharge in a fluorescentlighting source 112, and a ballast having a negative resistancecharacteristic for maintaining the lighting operation of the fluorescentlighting source 112.

The LED lighting source 102 can advantageously be energy efficient byconsuming lower energy and power than some other lighting sources, canbe longer lasting by having a life of at least 50,000 hours, can have asmall size, can have an adjustable color-temperature, can have avariable color-rendering-index, can have a dimming capability, can havea resistance to vibration, and can have other advantageous features. TheLED lighting source 102 can be fit into the linear, tubular fixtures andapparatuses.

FIG. 2 illustrates the lighting device 150 (for example, one that can beretrofit into existing, standard lighting fixtures or containers) inaccordance with some implementations of the current subject matter. Thelighting device 150 can have two lighting segments, a solid-statelighting or illuminating segment 151, and a fluorescent lamp segment152, an electrical components compartment 153, a sensor or detector 160,and two sets of end terminals, the first set of end terminals 170 a, 170b and 171 a, 171 b at each opposite end can fit into an existinglighting fixture having original sockets 172 a and 172 b at oppositeends; and the second set of end terminals 175 a, 175 b and 176 a, 176 bat each opposite end can fit into sockets 180 a and 180 b at oppositeends. The end terminals 170 a and 170 b and 171 a and 171 b of thelighting source 150 can have substantially the same length to fit intothe original sockets 172 a and 172 b (for example, a standard, linear orstraight tubular fluorescent with a length of 4 inches) of the existingapparatus or fixture. The fluorescent lamp segment 152 can also be astandard lamp (for example, a standard, linear or straight tubularfluorescent with a length of 36 inches) and can fit into sockets 180 aand 180 b at opposite ends to allow a standard lamp to be used. Alsoincluded in the lighting device 150 is a controller 155. In addition,the existing fixture may include a ballast 157. In this manner, thelighting source 150 can directly replace a fluorescent lamp in a fixtureor apparatus without any modification or re-wiring of the fixture or anymodification or re-wiring of the structure holding the fixture.Moreover, the lighting device 150 can also be replaced without anymodification or re-wiring of the fixture or any modification orre-wiring of the structure holding the fixture. This solid-statelighting and fluorescent lamp arrangement can be considered a hybridlighting device (or a hybrid retrofit lamp).

FIG. 3 illustrates ends 201 and 202 of a container/fixture 200 withinwhich the lighting device 203 can be fitted, in accordance with someimplementations of the current subject matter. The lighting device 203can fit into the female ends 201 and 202 of the container/fixture 200.This fitting can occur by inserting male terminals of the lightingdevice 203 into corresponding female terminals within ends 201 and 202of the container/fixture 200. The length 210 of the container/fixture200 can be fixed. The length of the lighting device 203 can be same asor slightly smaller than the length of the lighting devicecontainer/fixture 200 so that the lighting device 203 can fit into anexisting lighting device container/fixture 200 (that is, a lightingdevice container/fixture 200 already includes a conventional lightingdevice) without changing electric wiring associated with the lightingdevice container/fixture 200. The length between the ends 201 and 202can either be fixed or have a standard size (that is, standard accordingto industry standards, organizations, and/or other criteria—for example,4 feet, 2 feet, 6 feet, or any other size), such as in existingcontainers/fixtures 200 that can be already implemented in structures,such as parking lots, stairways, and the like. Thus, the lighting source203 can advantageously adjust in already existing containers/fixtures200 without changing any wiring associated with the already existingcontainer/fixture.

Although the length of the container/fixture 200 is shown as fixed orstandard, in some other implementations, the length can be variable suchthat it can be varied by stretching/contracting the container/fixture200 by pulling-outwards or pulling-inwards the ends 201 and 202 so as tofit the lighting device 203 within the container/fixture 200.

Further, FIG. 3 illustrates the lighting device 203 being placed intothe ends 201 and 202 of the container/fixture in accordance with someimplementations of the current subject matter. This allows the lightingdevice 203 to be placed in an existing container without the need of anyhardware; all that may be required is to replace the existing light withlighting device 203. It can be as easy as changing a light bulb.

Thus, the lighting device can fit into standard/normal linearfluorescent lamp fixtures. The distance between the sockets 201 and 202can be fixed. The lamp 203 can be a standard linear fluorescent lamp,such as a 4 foot T8 fluorescent lamp. The distance 210 between thesockets 201 and 202 can be fixed. Total length of the lighting device100 or 150 can be substantially same as legacy lamps, such as standardfluorescent lamps so that no modification may be necessary in order forthe lighting device 100 or 150 to fit into the apparatus (for example,the two opposite sockets of the apparatus) of an existing fixture. Thus,there is no requirement for modification to either the existing wiringor the existing fixture.

In addition to having the florescent lighting source 112 turn on whenthe sensor detects its predetermine event (such as motion), the sensorcan also be programmed to send a signal to activate various otherdevices, such as a alarm, fire alarm, burger alarm, the thermostat totrigger AC or heating, magnetic door locks, electric blinds or shade, orany other electrical device.

FIGS. 4-8 illustrate steps that can occur according to an implementationwhen the sensor in the lighting device is triggered. The electricalsystem 400 can include a ballast 402, a first relay (Relay 1) 404, asecond relay (Relay 2) 406, and the lighting device 100 including afluorescent lighting segment 104 and a segment 103. The segment 103 caninclude one or more motion detectors 408, one or more microprocessors410, one or more capacitors 412, and one or more LEDs 414. The ballast402 can receive alternating current (AC) power, and can supply power tothe relays 404 and 406. The ballast 402 can be an existing ballast of anexisting apparatus or fixture. It is not necessary to modify theexisting ballast or the existing fixture.

FIG. 4 illustrates one configuration of an electrical system 400 inaccordance with some implementations of the current subject matter. Thisconfiguration can characterize the first step. In this first step, theelectric power from ballast 402 can supply power to the segment 103through relay 404, whereby relay 404 can be preselected to be inposition B, powering the components of the segment 103. Concurrently,relay 406 can be preselected to be in position C. The relay 406 atposition C may perform no function and can be completely passive. Inthis manner, the fluorescent lamp 112 can be inactive (that is, off),but power can be supplied to the segment 103 so as to provide power tocomponents of the segment 103. Illumination can be provided by the oneor more LEDs 414 in this first step.

FIG. 5 illustrates a subsequent configuration of the electrical system400 in accordance with some implementations of the current subjectmatter. This configuration can characterize the second step. The sensor408 can detects a motion or an occupant. The sensor 408 can send asignal to the microprocessor 410, whereby the relay 404 can switch toposition A. Switching the relay to position A can power the componentsof the fluorescent lighting segment 104, thereby activating (that is,turning on) the fluorescent lamp 112. While relay 404 is switching,capacitor 412 provides power to microprocessor 410. Concurrently, thepower to the segment 103 can be turned off so as to protect the segment103 components that can operate at significantly lower voltage (forexample, 12 Volts DC or lower) than voltage used by the fluorescentlighting segment 104 (for example, 110-230 Volts AC or higher). Thus, inthis second step, illumination can be provided by fluorescent lamp 112.

FIG. 6 illustrates a next subsequent configuration of the electricalsystem 400 in accordance with some implementations of the currentsubject matter. This configuration can characterize the third step. Apower source, such as one or more capacitors 412 (or any other powerstorage device) can provide power to the microprocessor 410. Themicroprocessor 410 can send a command to the relay 406 to switch toposition D. This switching can provide power from ballast 402 to thecomponents of segment 103. In this third step, the LEDs 414 can remaininactive (that is, off), if so predetermined. The microprocessor 410 caninclude a clocking device that can start a predetermined count (forexample, 5 seconds, 60 seconds, 300 seconds, 900 seconds, etc.) toproceed to the next step (that is, the fourth step). As long as thesensor detects its predetermine event (such as motion), the relay 406can remain in position D, power can be provided from ballast 402 to thecomponents of the segment 103, fluorescent lamp 112 can remain activated(that is on), and the clocking device of the microprocessor 410 canstart counting from zero or any other number (if so predetermined)before proceeding to the fourth step. There may be no limit as to thenumber of sensed events (for example motion, etc.) and upon theoccurrence of each event, the clocking device of the microprocessor 410can start counting from zero (if so predetermined) before proceeding tothe fourth step.

FIG. 7 illustrates a subsequent configuration of the electrical system400 in accordance with some implementations of the current subjectmatter. This configuration can characterize the fourth step. If no othermotion is detected after a period time (for example 15 minutes or 900seconds, or any other time period described herein), the microprocessor410 can send a signal to relay 404 to switch to position B and canconcurrently send a command to the relay 406 to switch to position C.Such switching can provide power to segment 103, thereby turning on theone or more LEDs 414.

Thus, the failure mode for the lighting device 100 can be for thefluorescent lamp 309 to remain activated (that is, on).

FIG. 8 illustrates a subsequent configuration of the electrical system400 in accordance with some implementations of the current subjectmatter. This configuration can characterize the fifth step, as inaccordance with some implementations of the current subject matter. Thisconfiguration of Relay 1 404 can be a quasi step 802. As noted abovewith respect to some aspects, no modification can be made to the ballastor the fixture. However, to repower the fluorescent lamp 112, power fromthe ballast 402 may be interrupted (not drawn upon) and then immediatelythereafter power may be drawn from the ballast 402. To make sure thereis continuous power to section 103 while the relay 404 is transitioning,a power source, such as capacitor 412 (or any other power source, suchas a battery) can be used to power section 103 or just microprocessor410. The lighting device 100 can function in between the first step andthe second step. This functioning in between the first step and thesecond step can characterize a quasi step 802, which can be the fifthstep. In the quasi step 802, the relay 404 can be in a transition fromposition A to position B.

While in most implementations, the lighting device 100 can be a singlepackaged structure that cannot be separated (that is, separated apart)into separate structures; in some implementations, the lighting device100 can be separated apart into separate structures so as to possiblyreplace at least one of the separated-apart structure. For example, thefluorescent lighting source 112 can be replaced with a newer fluorescentlighting source while the LEDs 414 are maintained (that is, notreplaced).

In implementations where the lighting device can be separated apart,when the fluorescent lighting source 112 becomes fused (that is, stopsworking), the fluorescent lighting source 112 can be replaced. Whenreplacing in conventional implementations, the power to the ballast canbe turned off. In some other conventional implementations, the power tomultiple ballasts can be turned off, which can cause an unsafeenvironment during those times of change. However, implementations ofthe segment 103 can include one or more capacitors 412 that can providepower when the main power source may be turned off temporarily. Thepower provided by the one or more capacitors 412 can keep the LEDs 414activated while the fluorescent lighting source 112 is being replaced,the power by the capacitors 412 being advantageously provided even inthe absence of power from the ballast 402. While one or more capacitors412 are described as providing power, for a temporary time period, inother implementations, other power sources can also be implementedwithin the segment 103, wherein these power sources can include micropower sources, nano power sources, and/or any other power sources.

In some implementations, the lighting device 100 can optionally includeone or more occupancy detectors. The occupancy detectors can detect thenumber of passengers in a parking lot, a staircase, or the likestructure where the lighting device 100 is implemented. Based on thenumber of passengers as well, the interchange between the activation ofthe LEDs 414 and the fluorescent lighting source 112 can be determined.For example, when there are a certain number of people in the structure(that is, the structure is occupied by having people equal to or morethan a predetermined threshold value, such as for example, 3 or morepeople, 5 or more people, 10 or more people, or the like) irrespectiveof whether the motion sensor has detected motion, the fluorescentlighting source 112 can be activated. Similarly, when the number ofpeople is less than the predetermined threshold value, the LEDs 414 canbe activated. Although the occupancy detector is described as beingimplemented within the lighting device 100, in some otherimplementations, the occupancy detector can be implemented external tothe lighting device 100 such that a single occupancy detector can beused for operating multiple lighting devices 100. In some examples, asingle occupancy detector can be used to operate significantly more thanone, such as 10, 100, 1000, 10000, or the like.

The occupancy detectors can detect occupancy of a structure, such as abuilding. The occupancy can be detected using radio-frequencyidentification (RFID) detectors. The RFID detectors can be implementedon electronic chips inserted on tokens/badges provided to all visitorsin the structure. Thus, occupancy can be detected even when motion isnot detected, and when the occupants are still (that is, not moving ormoving insignificantly—for example, when the occupants may be attendinga meeting, listening to a speaker, and/or the like).

In some implementations, the lighting device 100 can optionally includea timer and/or a daylight sensor. For example, the timer and/or thedaylight sensor can be implemented to determine one or morepredetermined periods of time (for example, night time between 6 pm and7 am) during a day when the fluorescent lighting source 112 of thelighting device 100 is to be used. For example, in some structures,between 7 am and 6 pm, light provided by the fluorescent lighting source112 may not be required as there can be sufficient sunlight. So, between7 am and 6 pm, only the LEDs 414 can stay active while the fluorescentlighting source 112 can remain inactive. Between 6 pm and 7 am, thefluorescent lighting source 112 can also activate based on detections bythe motion sensor and/or the occupancy sensor. While use of night beingfrom 6 pm to 7 am and day from 7 am to 6 pm is used as an exampleherein, night and day can be represented by the actual sun rise and sundown which can be calculated based on the location of the lightingdevice 100 relative to the equator and determined by the microprocessorusing known sun rise/sun down calculations. Alternatively, set timessuch as 5 pm, 6 pm, 7 pm, 8 pm or the like can be used for the start ofnight and 5 am, 6 am, 7 am, 8 am or the like can be used for the startof day.

In some implementations, activation and inactivation of the LEDs 414 andthe fluorescent lighting source 112 can be controlled manually by usingswitches for the corresponding one or more lighting devices 100. In someexamples, the switch can be usable only by selected entities and/orindividuals, such as a control room, an office administrator, a manager,and/or the like. Thus, the selected entities and/or individuals canallow fluorescent lighting sources 112 of some lighting devices 100 (forexample, lighting devices in selected geographical areas within thestructure, such as a north location, south location, and/or the like) tobe activated based on detection by sensors while disallowing fluorescentlighting sources 112 of other lighting devices 100 to be activated.

FIG. 9 is a process-flow diagram 900 illustrating aspects of a methodconsistent with some implementations of the current subject matter. Thelighting device 100 can be installed, at 902, in an already existingcontainer/fixture in a structure, such as a parking structure,stairwell, building, and the like. The lighting device 100 can include aLED lighting segment 102 and a fluorescent lighting segment 104. The LEDlighting segment 102 can include a LED lighting source 102, and thefluorescent lighting segment 104 can include a fluorescent lightingsource 112. The LED lighting source 102 can be activated at 904. One ormore motion sensors and/or one or more occupancy sensors can detect, at906, motion and/or occupancy, respectively, of an occupant in thestructure. If there is motion and/or if the occupancy is more than apredetermined threshold, the fluorescent lighting source 112 can beactivated at 908. The LED lighting source 102 can be optionallydeactivated or optionally remain active. After each regular interval(for example, a predetermined interval of 0.1 seconds, 0.5 seconds, 1second, 2 seconds, 5 seconds, or the like) of time, which may be decidedby an administrative/service personnel, the detection of motion and/oroccupancy can be re-performed, at 910, by the one or more sensors. Ifthere is no detection by the one or more sensors during the interval,the fluorescent lighting source 112 can be deactivated at 912. If theLED lighting source 102 was optionally deactivated earlier, the LEDlighting source 102 can be activated concurrently with the deactivationof the fluorescent lighting source 112.

FIG. 10 illustrates electrical wiring of a portion of lighting device1000 in accordance with some implementations of the current subjectmatter. The lighting device 1000 can include a fluorescent lightingsegment and a LED lighting segment. The fluorescent lighting segment caninclude a fluorescent lamp 801. In the operation of the fluorescent lamp801, instant electronic ballast 810 can receive AC power by input leads811, 812 and 813. In igniting the fluorescent lamp 801, the ballast canoutput electric power, such as 700 Volts AC at high frequency (forexample, 10s of KHz), which can be the mathematical product of 700 andthe root mean square voltage (VRMS) of alternating current (AC)). Inmaintaining/sustaining the fluorescent lamp 102, the ballast can outputa 120 Volts AC at high frequency (for example, 10s of KHz), which can bethe mathematical product of 120 and the root mean square voltage (VRMS)of alternating current (AC) at a high frequency such as ten KHz.Electric leads 822 and 823 can lead into sockets 820 and 821. Electricleads 841 and 842 can input power into the controller component 840 ofthe lighting device 1000.

Thus, to operate the fluorescent lighting segment, instant electronicballast can receive alternating current (AC) power by input electricalleads. The ballast can output electric power by electric leads tosockets. Electric leads can input power into the controller board, whichcan be connected with sockets via corresponding two leads/pins.Controller board can be a power board that includes a microcontroller,transformers, resistors, capacitors, step down transformers, relays, andother electrical components.

FIG. 11 illustrates another variation 1100 of the electrical system 400of the lighting device in accordance with some implementations of thecurrent subject matter. The electrical system 1100 can include a ballast1102 (or the ballast 1102 could be provided by an existing fixture),electric leads 1104 and 1106, controller board 1108, relays 1110 and1112, transformer 1114, power supply 1116, LEDs 1118, relay coils 1120and 1122 of the relays 1110 and 1112, microprocessor 1124, electric lead1126, detector/sensor 1128, communication line 1130, communication line1132, fluorescent lighting source 1134, and electrical leads 1136 and1138.

High VAC and high frequency output power can be provided by a ballast1102 via electric leads 1104 and 1106 to a controller board 1108 and torelays 1110 and 1112. The relays 1110 and 1112 can besingle-pole-single-throw (SPST) high voltage reed relays. In anotherimplementation, the relays 1110 and 1112 can be double-pole-single-throw(DPST) high voltage reed relays. This high VAC can be converted totwelve volts of direct current (DC) by a transformer 1114 associatedwith the controller board 1108. The converted direct current of twelvevolts can be supplied by the power supply 1116 to LEDs 1118. In thisimplementation, the LEDs 1118 can always stay activated. However, insome other implementations, the LEDs 1118 can be activated andinactivated in a switching manner by using a metal-oxide-semiconductorfield-effect transistor (MOSFET). The twelve volts direct current (DC)can also power the relay coils 1120 and 1122 of the relays 1110 and1112. The twelve volts direct current can be reduced to five voltsdirect current by a linear voltage regulator (not shown) associated withthe power supply 1116. The five volts of direct current can be providedto the microprocessor 1124 by electric lead 1126. The microprocessor1124 can be in electrical communication with a detector/sensor 1128 viacommunication line 1130. The sensor 1128 can be a passive infraredmotion sensor. Although the sensor 1128 is described to be a motionsensor, in some other implementations, any other sensor can be used, asnoted herein. The passive infrared motion sensor 1128 can operate atfive volts of direct current. Communication line 1132 can relay thecommunication from sensor 1128 to relays 1110 and 1112. The relays 1110and 1112 can connect and disconnect the power from instant start ballast1102 to the fluorescent lighting source 1134.

FIG. 12 illustrates in more detail relays 1110 and 1112 of FIG. 11, inaccordance with some implementations of the current subject matter.Electric lead 1106 can provide a high voltage and associated highfrequency power to relay 1110 while the relay 1110 can be closed and theLEDs 1118 can be active. Similarly, electric lead 1104 can provide ahigh voltage and associated high frequency power to relay 1112 while therelay 1112 can be closed and the LEDs 1118 can be active. After themicroprocessor 1124 receives a signal from the passive infrared motionsensor 1128, the microprocessor 1124 can send a signal to relays 1110and 1112 via communication lead 1132. Communication lead 1132 can alsoprovide twelve volts of direct current power to the coils 1120 and 1122of the relays 1110 and 1112. The closed relays 1110 and 1112 can beopened and high voltage and high frequency alternating current power canbe transmitted to the fluorescent lighting source 1134 by electric leads1136 and 1138 to activate the fluorescent lighting source 1134, whichcan provide a brighter lighting than the LEDs 1118.

After the microprocessor 1124 receives a signal from the passiveinfrared motion sensor 1128, the microprocessor 1124 can signal thefluorescent lighting source 1134 to remain active for a predeterminedperiod of time, as described above. The segment including thefluorescent lighting source 1134 can be connected to or disconnectedfrom the instant-on ballast through the relays 1110 and 1112.

FIG. 13 illustrates a top view of a networking arrangement 1300 of thelighting devices 100 in a conference room 1301, which can be an exampleof a structure, in accordance with some implementations of the currentsubject matter. The networking arrangement 1300 can characterizenetworking of the lighting devices 100 with each other and with otherone or more electrical devices. The lighting devices 100 can beimplemented in a master-slave configuration. For example, a first set oflighting devices 100 can be master lighting devices 1302, and a secondset of lighting devices 100 can be slave lighting devices 1304. Themaster lighting devices 1302 can be strategically located above anentrance door 1306 of the conference room 1301 or above the doorway 1308leading to the entrance door 1306. The slave lighting devices 1304 canbe strategically located at multiple places in the conference room 1301.

In some implementations, each slave lighting device 1304 can optionallyhave a single lighting segment (instead of a LED segment and a separatefluorescent lighting segment), and can have a receiver (for example, ashort-range receiver) to receive commands from the master lightingdevices 1302. Each master lighting device 1304 can have a lower levellighting segment (for example, LED segment) and a higher level lightingsegment (for example, fluorescent lighting segment), an occupancy sensoror motion detector, and a transmitter (for example, a short-rangetransmitter). The lighting source (for example, LED lighting source)associated with the lower level lighting segment can optionally remainactive at all times. The motion sensor described above can be used, oralternatively and/or additionally, an occupancy sensor, can beassociated with the master lighting device 1302 which can sense motionor occupancy in the conference room 1301, wherein the occupancy can benumber of individuals and/or entities (for example, furniture,electronic equipment, and/or the other entities) in the conference room1301. When motion is detected or the occupancy becomes equal to or morethan a predetermined threshold, the lighting source (for example, thefluorescent lighting source) associated with the higher lighting segmentcan be activated, and instantaneously and concurrently, one or morecommands/signals can be sent to the slave lighting devices 1304 so as tobecome activated.

The one or more commands/signals from the master lighting devices 1302to slave lighting devices 1304 can be sent either over a wire orwirelessly. The wireless transmission can be via a communicationnetwork, such as at least one of a local area network (LAN), a wide areanetwork (WAN), internet, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth network, infrared network, andany other network.

FIG. 14 illustrates a top view of another variation 1400 of networkingarrangement 1300 of the lighting devices 100 in a conference room 1301,which can be an example of a structure, in accordance with someimplementations of the current subject matter. In one example of thenetworking arrangement 1400, the fixture 1402 that can incorporate themaster lighting devices 1302 can hold/incorporate four lighting devices100. Each of the eight fixtures 1404 that incorporate the slave lightingdevices 1304 can hold/incorporate four lighting devices, which can beeither lighting devices 100 or lighting devices with a single segment.In one implementation, these thirty-six (that is, product of nine andfour) lighting devices can be controlled by a zone lighting control.With the zone lighting control, all (or most of) the thirty-six lightingdevices can be activated, deactivated, dimmed, or brightened at a sametime, thereby saving energy.

In some implementations, the control of the master lighting devices 1302and the slave lighting devices 1304 can be provided from a centrallocation, such as the web portal that can be used byfacility/service/administrative personnel. The web portal can beprovided on a graphic user interface or a display device associated withat least one data/programmable processor. The web portal can beimplemented on a terminal device used by a user, such as a desktopcomputer, a laptop, a tablet computer (for example, IPAD), a mobilephone (for example, smart phone), and any other such device. To providethe control from the central location, a network can be formed, as notedherein. The web portal can control the network by allowing a user toprogram the control mechanism of the network. The lighting devices 100within the master fixture 1402 can include communication components thatfacilitate communication between the master lighting devices 1302 andthe slave lighting devices 1304. Such communication components caninclude a gateway, a router, and/or other communication devices. Thegateway can include one or more of protocol translators, impedancematching devices, rate converters, fault isolators, and signaltranslators, as necessary to provide system interoperability. Onelighting device 100 from the master lighting devices 1302 can have anaddress identifying location, host, and/or location interface, such asan internet protocol (IP) address. This internet protocol address canallow an isolation/separation of this one lighting device 100 fromother, for example, thirty-five (36−1=35) lighting devices 100. Here,the other thirty-five lighting devices 100 can act as a slave to the onelighting device 100, wherein the slaves can receive commands from themaster for activation, inactivation, dimming, brightening, changingcolor, and/or the like. These thirty-five slave lighting devices 100 canreceive wireless communication commands from the one master lightingdevice 100, thereby establishing a zone lighting environment without anymodifications to already existing fixtures 1402 and 1404.

The communication between the central location, such as the web portal,and the master lighting device 100 can be performed using long-rangecommunication and protocols, which can be either wired or wireless, suchas Wi-Fi. The communication between the master lighting device 100 andthe slave lighting devices 100 can be performed using short-rangecommunication and protocols, which can be either wired or wireless, suchas Bluetooth.

FIG. 15 illustrates a floor plan 1500 of a medical office 1502, whichcan be an example of a structure, in accordance with someimplementations of the current subject matter. The one or more masterlighting devices 1504 can be placed above an entrance door 1506 or path.The one or more master lighting devices 1504 can communicate with slavelighting devices 1508 such that a master-slave configuration can beformed. In one example of such a communication, detection, by the one ormore master lighting devices 1504, of motion and/or occupancy of morethan a predetermined threshold can activate all or selected one or moreof the slave lighting devices 1508 instantaneously and/orsimultaneously.

FIG. 16 illustrates a floor plan 1600 of a medical office 1602, whichcan be an example of a structure, in accordance with someimplementations of the current subject matter. The master lightingdevices 1604 can be placed at multiple places, as shown. Morespecifically, the master lighting devices 1604 can be placed above anentrance door 1606 or path, and above an entrance door or path of eachor most of the rooms. The one or more master lighting devices 1604 cancommunicate with slave lighting devices 1608 such that a master-slaveconfiguration can be formed. In one example of such a communication,detection, by the one or more master lighting devices 1604, of motionand/or occupancy of more than a predetermined threshold can activate allor selected one or more of the slave lighting devices 1608instantaneously and/or simultaneously.

FIG. 17 illustrates a floor plan 1700 of a covered (for example,underground) parking structure 1702, which can be an example of astructure, in accordance with some implementations of the currentsubject matter. The lighting devices 100 implemented in the parkingstructure 1702 can communicate with each other. The lighting devices 100can be installed in parking slots and in some/all common areas. When anentity/occupant (for example, a person, a vehicle, or the like) entersthe parking structure 1702 at location 1704 that can be an entrance tothe parking structure, a person exits an elevator at location 1706, aperson steps into the parking structure 1702 from a stairwell 1708, aperson steps into the parking structure 1702 from a doorway 1710, or aperson works in storage areas 1712, fluorescent lighting sources 112incorporated within all (or selected areas, wherein the selection can bebased on geographical area of entity's presence within the parkingstructure 1702) of the lighting devices 100 can activate, and the LEDlighting sources 102 within the segment 103 can optionally inactivate,thereby providing a higher level of lighting so as to provide safety andsecurity within the parking structure 1702. The fluorescent lightingsource 112 can remain activated for predetermined period of time (asnoted above), which can be determined using a timer that can beimplemented either within the lighting device 100 or external to thelighting device. In some implementations, there can be a single timerfor different lighting devices 100, in which the lighting sources canactivate and inactivate concurrently.

For communication between most elements in the parking structure 1702,long-range components and protocols, such as those associated with Wi-Ficommunication, can be used. While a use of long-range communication isdescribed, short-range communication and protocols, such as thoseassociated with Bluetooth, can be used when elements are within acorresponding short range, such as the Bluetooth range. Mesh networkingtype of networking can be used so as to ensure that communication can bemaintained even when one or more lighting devices 100 may becomein-operational and may need to be replaced. The mesh networking can beestablished using ZIGBEE or ZIGWAVE devices and protocols.

FIG. 18 illustrates standards 1802, wireless technologies 1804, andwired technologies 1806 that can be used herein, as in accordance withsome implementations of the current subject matter.

FIG. 19 illustrates a variation of networking with respect to the floorplan 1700 of the covered (for example, underground) parking structure1702 in accordance with some implementations of the current subjectmatter. Even more optimization of energy while ensuring safety ispossible by allowing communication between various lighting devices 100in a progressive manner, as described below.

When an entity/person enters location 1902, fluorescent lighting sources112 incorporated in lighting devices 100 within a circle 1904, center ofwhich can be at location 1902 and which can have a predetermined radius(for example, 5 meters, 10 meters, 20 meters, and the like), can beactivated so as to provide brighter lighting than brightness of lightprovided before the activation. The fluorescent light by the fluorescentlighting source 112 within the lighting device 100 can refer to a higherlighting level of brightness, and light by the one or more LEDs 102within the lighting device 100 can refer to the lower lighting level ofbrightness. As the entity moves or travels along the direction shown byarrows 1906, the previously activated lighting devices 100 within thecircle 1904 can remain at the higher brightness level, while thelighting devices 100 within circle 1908 are activated to a higherbrightness level. Similarly, as the entity continues along the directionof the arrows 1906, the lighting devices within circles 1904 and 1906can remain at the higher brightness level, while the lighting devices100 within the circle 1910 can be activated to a higher brightnesslevel, and so on.

While circles 1904, 1908, and 1910 have been shown to characterizeprogressive areas, in some other implementations, other shapes can alsocharacterize progressive areas, such as squares, rectangles, ellipses,triangles, hexagons, polygons, and/or the like. Such shapes can be usedindividually or in combination. As per some examples where differentshapes are used in combination, different shapes can be used fordifferent areas in the parking structure 1702 based on the area size andconstruction. The dimensions of each shaped area can also vary based onthe area size and construction. Further, while each progressive area isshown to form a fixed area (for example, each circle is shown to have afixed radius and area), in some other implementations, varying areas canbe used. The areas of different progressive areas can vary based on oneor more of the following factors: number of occupants moving in theparking structure 1702, type (for example, person or vehicle) of theentity moving in the parking structure 1702, speed of the entitiesmoving in the parking structure 1702, and preferences of a managermanaging the lighting of the parking structure 1702.

In this manner, the entity can be advantageously secure and safe in anarea of high brightness level while the energy used is optimized. Thebrightness level of each lighting device 100 can revert back to thelower level of brightness (that is, the fluorescent lighting sourcewithin the lighting device 100 can be inactivated, and if the LEDs wereinactivated during the higher level of brightness, the LEDs can bereactivated) after a predetermined time (as described herein) may haveelapsed since the entering of the entity.

The network described herein can include connections between lightingdevices 100 and other devices, such as heating controls, coolingcontrols, heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems,photosensitive windows, electro-sensitive windows, alarms, coffee maker,toaster, and/or any other electrical/electronic device. When amaster-slave configuration is formed in the network, one lighting device100 can be a master device, while the other lighting devices 100 and oneor more of the above-mentioned other devices can be slave devices. Forexample, when the master lighting device 100 sends a signal to anabove-mentioned other device such as the photosensitive window, anaction can be performed such as one of opening and closing of thephotosensitive window. Other examples of action can be either activationor deactivation of one or more heating ventilation and air conditioning(HVAC) systems, electro-sensitive windows, and alarms.

FIG. 20 illustrates a wireless networking arrangement 2000 that caninclude communication between lighting devices 100 and othercommunication devices, as in accordance with some implementations of thecurrent subject matter. A web portal 2002 can be managed byadministrative/service/staff personnel from a central location, such asa remote office. The web portal 2002 can be implemented on a computer2004. The computer 2004 can include at least a graphic user interface ordisplay device 2006, a processor 2008 (for example, central processingunit), a memory, a keyboard 2010 and/or any other input device, and/orany other component that can be implemented-on/connected-with thecomputer 2004. The web portal 2002 can connect wirelessly to a network2012 via a network 2014 and a gateway 2016. The network 2012 can be fora particular floor in a building, or can be for all the floors of thebuilding. In one aspect, the network 2012 can characterize a wirelessmesh network 2018, such as a high frequency (for example, 900 MHz, 2.4GHz, or the like) secure ZIGBEE wireless mesh network. The network 2012can wirelessly connect various lighting devices 100 with each other andwith other communication devices, such as the wireless gateway 2016, awireless sensor interface 2020, an external sensor 2022 (for example,motion sensor), a wireless wall control interface 2024, and a wirelesslight controller 2026.

The network 2012 can be the Internet, a local area network, a wide areanetwork, or the like. In some aspects, the computer 2004 implementingthe web portal 2002 can be remote to the network 2012 such thatshort-range communication such as Bluetooth or Infrared may not bepossible. While wireless communication is described between the computer2004 and the network 2012, in some other implementations, the computer2004 and the network 2012 can be connected using electrical wires.Further, while wireless communication is described within the wirelessmesh network 2018, in some other implementation, the lighting devices100 can be connected by electrical wires.

Some implementations described herein can have two lighting levels—(1) ahigh lighting level that can correspond to activation of fluorescentlighting source 112 of the lighting device 100, and (ii) a low lightinglevel that can correspond to activation of the one or more LED lightingsources 102 and inactivation of the fluorescent lighting source 112 ofthe lighting device 100. The brightness associated with each of the highlighting level and the low lighting level can be varied using a webportal at a central location by an administrative/service personnel. Forexample, the brightness associated with the high lighting level can beset at 72% of the maximum brightness level, and the brightnessassociated with the low lighting level can be set at 40% of the maximumbrightness level. The brightness levels can be automatically changedbased on the season, such as fall, winter, spring, summer, and the like.Further, the brightness levels can be automatically changed at differenttimes of the day. Furthermore, the brightness levels can automaticallychange based on cost of energy per unit—that is, when energy is cheaper,the levels of brightness can be automatically increased, and when energyis expensive, the levels of brightness can be automatically decreased.In some aspects, weather around the structure can be detectedautomatically (using a thermometer, weather detector, website, and/orthe like), and based on the detected weather, the brightness levels canbe varied. In some implementations, one or more lighting devices 100 canhave brightness levels different from some other lighting devices 100within the structure. Further, the brightness levels can be changed,automatically or manually, for selected lighting devices 100 such thatdifferent lighting devices 100 can have different brightness levels—forexample, different rooms within a structure can have differentbrightness levels.

While LEDs are described to provide lower lighting brightness levels, insome other implementations, other energy efficient lighting sources canalso be used, such as plasma lighting sources, induction lightingsources, magnetic induction lighting sources, and/or the like.

The LEDs noted herein can be white LEDs that can be phosphor-based inany correlated color temperature (CCT) and color rendering index (CRI).In some implementations, LEDs either can be of any color (for example,red, green, blue, orange, yellow, or any other color) or can bewhite-light LEDs that can be formed by combining red, green and bluecolors. The LEDs can use quantom dots to efficiently transform the colorof light from one frequency to another. Some LEDs can transmit lightassociated with ultraviolet (UV) or infrared (IR) frequencies. The LEDscan include organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The LEDs can beactivated by providing either direct current (DC) or alternating current(AC). The alternating current LEDs can be used in conjunction with powertransformers.

In some aspects, one or more of the following can be implemented: thelighting devices 100 can have lengths between two feet and eight feet,the fixtures in which lighting devices 100 are placed/incorporated canhave a lifetime of 30 years or more, and the fixtures can incorporatelighting devices 100 with a length of one hundred and twenty centimeters(or forty-eight inches) to fit within the fixture.

Further, some implementations describe that an already existingcontainer/fixture can incorporate a single lighting device 100.Variations are possible, where multiple lighting devices 100 can beincorporated in one fixture, wherein those multiple lighting devices 100can be connected in a series electrical configuration and/or in aparallel electrical configuration.

Furthermore, some implementations described herein have two lightinglevels—(1) a high lighting level that can correspond to activation offluorescent lighting source 112 of the lighting device 100, and (ii) alow lighting level that can correspond to activation of the one or moreLED lighting sources 102 and inactivation of the fluorescent lightingsource 112 of the lighting device 100. In some other implementations,both the high lighting level and the low lighting level can correspondto respective segments and lighting sources of lighting diodes. Forexample, a high lighting level can correspond to activation of a largenumber of LEDs (for example, fifty or more, sixty or more, seventy ormore, or the like), and the low lighting level can correspond toactivation of a lower number of LEDs (for example, less than 20, fifteenor less, ten or less, five or less, or the like), while there may not beany fluorescent lighting segment.

As noted herein, a central portal (for example, the web portal) can beused to control the network of lighting devices 100 byadministrative/service/staff personnel. The central portal can beimplemented on a terminal device used by a user, such as a desktopcomputer, a laptop, a tablet computer (for example, IPAD), a mobilephone (that is, smart phone), and any other such device. The web portaland related devices can be used to perform various algorithms to performoperations noted herein, including scheduling, daylight harvesting orday-lighting, task tuning to optimize the level and the area oflighting, demand response (e.g., reducing peak energy demand at keytimes, and being reimbursed by utilities to do so) and manualcontrolling of the network or of at least one lighting device 100.

While a motion detector and a occupancy detector are generally describedherein, other detectors can also or alternately be used as appropriate,such as one or more of the following: ultrasonic occupancy detectors,ultrasonic motion detector, passive infrared (PIR) motion detectors,active infrared (IR) motion detector, dual-technology detectors (i.e.,passive infrared and ultrasonic), X-band motion detector, K-band motiondetector, C-band motion detector, continuous wave (CW) radar motiondetector, vibration motion detector, proximity (radio frequency field)detector, microwave/radar detector, video detector, active infra-red(light beam) detector, visible light beam detector, fish finder, laserbeam detector, contact detector, tilt detector, strain/stress detectors,acoustic, sound and vibration detector, geophone detector, hydrophonedetector, microphone detector, seismometer detector, curb feelerdetector, defect detector, hall effect detector, MAP detector, mass flowdetector or mass airflow (MAF) detector, oxygen detector, speeddetector, turbine speed sensor (TSS), or input speed sensor (ISS),vehicle speed sensor (VSS), wheel speed detector, chemical and hazardousmaterial detector, carbon dioxide detector, carbon monoxide detector,chemical field-effect transistor, electrochemical gas detector,electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor detector, hydrogen detector,hydrogen sulfide detector, non-dispersive infrared detector, microwavechemistry detector, nitrogen oxide detector, olfactometer detector,oxygen detector, pellistor, potentiometric detector, smoke detector,galvanometer, magnetometer, metal detector, actinometer, dew warning,gas detector hygrometer, pyranometer, pyrgeometer, seismometers, airflow meter, anemometer, flow detector, ionizing radiation and subatomicparticles detector, particle detector, vibrating structure, gyroscope,accelerometer, piezoelectric accelerometer, optical, light, imaging andphoton detector, colorimeter, electro-optical detector, flame detector,LED as light detector, fiber optic detectors, photodiode,photomultiplier tubes, phototransistor, photoelectric detector,photoionization detector, photomultiplier, photo-resistor, pressuredetector, barometer, tactile detector, heat flux detector, temperaturegauge, thermistor, triangulation detector, inductive detector,lab-on-a-chip, and the like. The term “detector” used herein can be usedinterchangeably with the term “sensor.”

The network protocols that can be used herein can include one or more ofBluetooth protocols, fibre channel network protocols, Internet protocolsuite, transmission control protocol (TCP), open systems interconnection(OSI) protocols, routing protocols, a chatting messenger protocol, realtime publish subscribe (RTPS) protocol, secure shell (SSH) protocol,file transfer protocol (FTP), simple mail transfer protocol (SMTP),telephone network (Telnet), hyper text transfer protocol (HTTP), securehyper text transfer protocol (HTTPS), secure file transfer protocol(SFTP), and secure socket layer (SSL).

Various implementations of the subject matter described herein may berealized in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuitry,specially designed ASICs (application specific integrated circuits),computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof.These various implementations may include implementation in one or morecomputer programs that are executable and/or interpretable on aprogrammable system including at least one programmable processor, whichmay be special or general purpose, coupled to receive data andinstructions from, and to transmit data and instructions to, a storagesystem, at least one input device, and at least one output device.

These computer programs (also known as programs, software, softwareapplications or code) include machine instructions for a programmableprocessor, and may be implemented in a high-level procedural and/orobject-oriented programming language, and/or in assembly/machinelanguage. As can be used herein, the term “machine-readable medium”refers to any computer program product, apparatus and/or device (e.g.,magnetic discs, optical disks, memory, Programmable Logic Devices(PLDs)) used to provide machine instructions and/or data to aprogrammable processor, including a machine-readable medium thatreceives machine instructions as a machine-readable signal. The term“machine-readable signal” refers to any signal used to provide machineinstructions and/or data to a programmable processor.

To provide for interaction with a user, the subject matter describedherein may be implemented on a computer having a display device (e.g., aCRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) fordisplaying information to the user and a keyboard and a pointing device(e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which the user may provide input tothe computer. Other kinds of devices may be used to provide forinteraction with a user as well; for example, feedback provided to theuser may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback,auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may bereceived in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.

The subject matter described herein may be implemented in a computingsystem that includes a back-end component (e.g., as a data server), orthat includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), orthat includes a front-end component (e.g., a client computer having agraphical user interface or a Web browser through which a user mayinteract with an implementation of the subject matter described herein),or any combination of such back-end, middleware, or front-endcomponents. The components of the system may be interconnected by anyform or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communicationnetwork). Examples of communication networks include a local areanetwork (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), and the Internet.

The implementations set forth in the foregoing description do notrepresent all implementations consistent with the subject matterdescribed herein; instead, they are merely some examples consistent withaspects related to the described subject matter. Although a fewvariations have been described in detail above, other modifications oradditions are possible. In particular, further features and/orvariations can be provided in addition to those set forth herein. Forexample, the implementations described above can be directed to variouscombinations and subcombinations of the disclosed features and/orcombinations and subcombinations of several further features disclosedabove. In addition, the logic flows depicted in the accompanying figuresand/or described herein do not necessarily require the particular ordershown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. Otherimplementations may be within the scope of the claims.

1. A method comprising: installing a lighting device in a container, thelighting device comprising at least a first segment and a secondsegment, the first segment comprising a first lighting source, thesecond segment comprising a second lighting source; activating thesecond lighting source; detecting motion using a detector; andactivating, based on the detecting of the motion, the first lightingsource.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the container is an alreadyexisting fixture having a standard size.
 3. The method of claim 1,wherein the first lighting source is a fluorescent light, and the secondlighting source includes one or more light emitting diodes.
 4. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the second segment receives a signal from aremote portal, wherein the activating of the first lighting source isfurther based on the signal.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein one ormore relays are used to control power to the first lighting source andthe second lighting source.
 6. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising: activating a second electrical device upon detecting motionusing the detector.
 7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:detecting, after regular periods of time, a location of the at least oneoccupant; activate the first lighting source of lighting devices withinan area, the detected location being a center of the area; anddeactivating the first lighting source of one or more lighting devicesoutside the area.
 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the area is acircular area.
 9. The method of claim 8, wherein radius of each circulararea has a corresponding predetermined value.
 10. The method of claim 1,further comprising: detecting that the motion has stopped; deactivatingthe first lighting source after a period of time; and reactivating thesecond lighting source.
 11. A system comprising: a first segmentcomprising a first lighting source that activates with a high power andprovides light with a high brightness; and a second segment comprising:a second lighting source that activates with a low power and provideslight with a low brightness; a motion sensor that determines motion ofan occupant; a microprocessor that determines, based on the detection ofmotion, at least one of the first lighting source and the secondlighting source that is to be activated.
 12. The system of claim 11,wherein the system is capable of being used in an existing light fixturehaving a standard size without modifying the existing light fixture. 13.The system of claim 11, wherein the first lighting source comprises afluorescent light, and the second lighting source comprises one or morelight emitting diodes.
 14. The system of claim 11, wherein the firstlighting source is a first plurality of light emitting diodes, and thesecond lighting source is a second plurality of light emitting diodes,the first plurality of light emitting diodes being more than the secondplurality of light emitting diodes.
 15. The system of claim 11, furthercomprising a second electrical device that is activated detection ofmotion by the motion sensor.
 16. The system of claim 15, wherein thesecond electrical device is a controller for activating a heatingventilation and air conditioning system.
 17. The system of claim 11,wherein the motion sensor is implemented at a location remote to firstsegment and the second segment.
 18. The system of claim 11, wherein themotion detector ceases detecting motion and the microprocessordeactivates the active lighting source after a period of time.
 19. Asystem comprising: at least one master lighting device, the masterlighting device comprising at least a first segment, a second segment, amotion sensor; and a first microprocessor; the first segment comprisinga first lighting source; the second segment comprising a second lightingsource, one of the first lighting source and the second lighting sourcebeing activated based on a detection by the motion sensor; and at leastone slave lighting device, the slave lighting device comprising a thirdlighting source and a second microprocessor that communicates with thefirst microprocessor to determine if the third lighting source is to beactivated based on a command received by the second microprocessor fromthe first microprocessor.
 21. The system of claim 19, wherein one ormore of the at least one master lighting device and the at least oneslave lighting device are connected to form a wireless network.
 22. Thesystem of claim 21, wherein one or more master lighting devices and oneor more slave lighting devices are configured to wirelessly connect withother lighting devices.
 23. The system of claim 19, wherein the motionsensor is implemented within the second segment.
 24. The system of claim19, wherein the motion sensor is implemented at a location remote to themaster lighting device.
 25. A system comprising: a first segmentcomprising a first lighting source that activates with a high power andprovides light with a high brightness; and a second segment comprising:a second lighting source that activates with a low power and provideslight with a low brightness; an occupancy sensor that determinesoccupancy; a microprocessor that determines, based on the detection ofoccupancy, at least one of the first lighting source and the secondlighting source that is to be activated.
 26. The system of claim 25,wherein the system is capable of being used in an existing light fixturehaving a standard size without modifying the existing light fixture.